In a given year,
1 in 5 Canadians will experience a mental illness. By the time Canadians reach 40 years of age, 1 in 2 will have, or have had, a mental illness.
The two most common mental illnesses are anxiety and depression.
Anxiety is characterized by the presence of excessive worry about a variety of topics, events or activities. It might be challenging to control and easily shift from topic to topic. It can present as edginess or restlessness, irritability or difficulty sleeping.
Depression is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and hopelessness and loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities. It can present as anhedonia (lack of pleasure), lack of self-care, interpersonal withdrawal and sleep disturbances. While we all experience anxiety or sadness from time to time, for others it can be debilitating.
A common comorbidity is anxiety and depression. Comorbidity refers to the presence of two or more illnesses at the same time.
Research suggests that approximately 60% of people with anxiety will also have symptoms of depression, and vice versa.
The great thing about music is that it can be used as an effective, non-pharmacological tool to help reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression. Here are some of the needs that music can help address.
A person experiencing anxiety might need a physical outlet for motor energy or relief from muscle tension. This can look like moving to music, whether it be walking or dancing, or some kind of guided relaxation such as a meditation or progressive muscle relaxation to music.
Calming the nervous system with music and movement can help control the physiological symptoms of anxiety and provide the individual with strategies to combat the physical sensations of anxiety like shakiness or tension.
A person experiencing depression might need an outlet for identifying and expressing negative feelings. This can look like
improvisational instrument playing, lyric analysis and song writing. Topics for songs might include stress management, hope, acceptance, friendship and belonging. Creativity can be a motivating experience for both exploration and expression. This can be done in either an individual or group setting. Participation in mood-lifting experiences with others can increase interest in previously enjoyed activities as well as reduce feelings of worthlessness and guilt. Sometimes we just need to know we are not alone.
Using music to help with symptoms of anxiety and depression can also be as simple as reaching for our favorite playlist. We can use music to move from how we currently feel to how we want to feel. This is called the iso-principle. It is a technique in music therapy where music is matched with the mood of a client, and then gradually altered to affect the desired mood state (Davis, Gfeller & Thaut, 2008). Changing how we feel can help us change how we think.
These are just some of the ways that music can be used as a fun and effective tool for reducing symptom severity and improving quality of life for those living with anxiety and depression.
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